Poklopac otvora u armirano betonskoj temeljnoj ploči

Tema rada je „Poklopac otvora u armirano betonskoj temeljnoj ploči“. Rad se sastoji od proračuna, te crteža konstrukcije. Cilj konstrukcije je mehanička zaštita od pada radnika u građevinsku jamu. Jama koja se zaštiduje je dimenzije 6 x 3m. Kada je jama zatvorena, na zaštitni poklopac se mora modi parkirati kamion mase s teretom 40t. Pretpostavka ja da se radi o kamionu s tri osovine. U radu prvo kredemo s dimenzioniranjem okvira čelidne konstrukcije. Okvir se sastoji od U\NP i I profila, te ploče koja se uzduž U\NP profila zavaruje, a druge dvije strane su slobodno oslonjene. Okvir, odnosno cijela konstrukcija se sastoji od tri djela kako bi ju bilo mogude prevesti na gradilište. Svaki dio se sastoji od četiri U\NP profila koja su međusobno zavarena po dva sa svake strane, a između njih su smješteni I profili koji se zavaruju za njih, te gore još dolazi ploča. Sljededi korak je dimenzioniranje kotača. U tom koraku prvo proračunamo opteredenje oslonca po Andeeovoj metodi, te izaberemo tračnicu i kotač za vožnju. Kotači su smješteni u U\NP profilima. Zatim se provodi provjera stabilnosti konstrukcije, zavari U\NP i I profila, te provjera zavara i svornjaka na spoju djelova. Zadnji korak proračuna je riješavanje pogonskog mehanizma. Pogonski mehanizam je riješen preko zupčaste letve smještene na U\NP profilima i zupčanika koji se preko reduktora spajaju na elektromotor. Proračun se vrši tako da se prvo odredi brzina vožnje konstrukcije, a dalje prema tome se odabiru elektromotor, reduktor, zupčanik i zupčasta letva. \Na kraju tekstualnog djela se nalazi pravila kojih se treba držati u svrhu zaštite na radu. Poslje tekstualnog djela dolaze potrebni crteži sklopova i djelova

Road Infrastructure Challenges Faced by Automated Driving: A Review

Automated driving can no longer be referred to as hype or science fiction but rather a technology that has been gradually introduced to the market. The recent activities of regulatory bodies and the market penetration of automated driving systems (ADS) demonstrate that society is exhibiting increasing interest in this field and gradually accepting new methods of transport. Automated driving, however, does not depend solely on the advances of onboard sensor technology or artificial intelligence (AI). One of the essential factors in achieving trust and safety in automated driving is road infrastructure, which requires careful consideration. Historically, the development of road infrastructure has been guided by human perception, but today we are at a turning point at which this perspective is not sufficient. In this study, we review the limitations and advances made in the state of the art of automated driving technology with respect to road infrastructure in order to identify gaps that are essential for bridging the transition from human control to self-driving. The main findings of this study are grouped into the following five clusters, characterised according to challenges that must be faced in order to cope with future mobility: international harmonisation of traffic signs and road markings, revision of the maintenance of the road infrastructure, review of common design patterns, digitalisation of road networks, and interdisciplinarity. The main contribution of this study is the provision of a clear and concise overview of the interaction between road infrastructure and ADS as well as the support of international activities to define the requirements of road infrastructure for the successful deployment of ADS

Automatizacija postupka izrade simulacijskog modela motora iz eksperimentalnih podataka

Problematika koja se obrađivala djelom u ovom, a djelom u diplomskom radu \Nikole Varga pod nazivom „Izrada simulacijskog modela Ottovog motora u programu AVL Boost na temelju eksperimentalnih rezultata“, sastoji se od izrade pojednostavljenog modela SI motora iz eksperimentalnih podataka, koji ima mogućnost pokretanja AVL Boost simulacije i AVL Burn izračuna u cilju određivanja određenih parametara. Osim izrade modela problematika uključuje izradu Python skripti (modula) za obradu i pripremu eksperimentalnih podataka, te automatizaciju postupka pripreme podataka za optimizaciju parametara motora. U ovom diplomskom radu dan je opis obrade eksperimentalnih podataka potrebnih za izradu modela, opis implementacije eksperimentalnih podataka u modelu, te opis procedure za optimizaciju parametara sa stajališta automatizacije Python modulima

Expression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation-Related Genes in Nasal Mucosa and Nasal Polyps from Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent, multifaceted inflammatory condition affecting the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses, frequently accompanied by formation of nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This apparently uniform clinical entity is preceded by heterogeneous changes in cellular and molecular patterns, suggesting the presence of multiple CRS endotypes and a diverse etiology. Alterations of the upper airway innate defense mechanisms, including antimicrobial and antioxidant capacity, have been implicated in CRSwNP etiology. The aim of this study was to investigate mRNA expression patterns of antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), and innate immune system defense players, namely the bactericidal/permeability-increasing fold-containing family A, member 1 (BPIFA1) and PACAP family members, particularly adenylate-cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor 1 (ADCYAP1) in nasal mucosa and nasal polyps from CRSwNP patients. Additional stratification based on age, sex, allergic comorbidity, and disease severity was applied. The results showed that ADCYAP1, BPIFA1, and PRDX2 transcripts are differentially expressed in nasal mucosa and scale with radiologically assessed disease severity in CRSwNP patients. Sinonasal transcriptome is not associated with age, sex, and smoking in CRSwNP. Surgical and postoperative corticosteroid (CS) therapy improves endoscopic appearance of the mucosa, but variably reverses target gene expression patterns in the nasal cavity of CRSwNP patients. Transcriptional cross-correlations analysis revealed an increased level of connectedness among differentially expressed genes under inflammatory conditions and restoration of basic network following CS treatment. Although results of the present study imply a possible engagement of ADCYAP1 and BPIFA1 as biomarkers for CRSwNP, a more profound study taking into account disease severity and CRSwNP endotypes prior to the treatment would provide additional information on their sensitivity

The Effect of Rainfall and Illumination on Automotive Sensors Detection Performance

Vehicle safety promises to be one of the Advanced Driver Assistance System’s (ADAS) biggest benefits. Higher levels of automation remove the human driver from the chain of events that can lead to a crash. Sensors play an influential role in vehicle driving as well as in ADAS by helping the driver to watch the vehicle’s surroundings for safe driving. Thus, the driving load is drastically reduced from steering as well as accelerating and braking for long-term driving. The baseline for the development of future intelligent vehicles relies even more on the fusion of data from surrounding sensors such as Camera, LiDAR and Radar. These sensors not only need to perceive in clear weather but also need to detect accurately adverse weather and illumination conditions. Otherwise, a small error could have an incalculable impact on ADAS. Most of the current studies are based on indoor or static testing. In order to solve this problem, this paper designs a series of dynamic test cases with the help of outdoor rain and intelligent lightning simulation facilities to make the sensor application scenarios more realistic. As a result, the effect of rainfall and illumination on sensor perception performance is investigated. As speculated, the performance of all automotive sensors is degraded by adverse environmental factors, but their behaviour is not identical. Future work on sensor model development and sensor information fusion should therefore take this into account